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Overview of sealing materials

The function of sealing materials is to fill gaps in complex configurations that are unfavourable for construction in order to provide a seal. There are three main types of sealing materials:

(1) Vulcanised rubber gaskets or seals;

(2) Non-vulcanised sealing tape;

(3) Liquid sealant in the form of paste or putty with no fixed shape.

(1) According to the sealant base material classification

①Rubber type

This type of sealant to rubber as the base material. Commonly used rubber is polysulfide rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane rubber, neoprene rubber and butyl rubber.

② resin-based

This type of sealant to the resin as the base material. Commonly used resins are epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenolic resins, polyacrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride resins.

③Oil-based

This type of sealant to oil as the base material. Commonly used oils are various vegetable oils such as linseed oil, castor oil and tung oil, as well as animal oils (such as fish oil).

(2) according to the sealant vulcanisation method classification

This type of sealant series using moisture in the air for vulcanisation. It mainly includes single-component polyurethane, silicone rubber and polysulfide rubber. Its polymer base material contains active genes, can react with the water in the air, the formation of cross-linking bonds, so that the sealant vulcanisation into a mesh structure. Atmospheric moisture as a catalyst in the vulcanisation reaction.

①Chemical vulcanisation type sealant

Two-component polyurethane, silicone rubber, polysulfide rubber, neoprene rubber and epoxy resin sealant belongs to this category, generally at room temperature conditions to complete the vulcanisation. Some one-component chlorosulphonated polyethylene and chloroprene rubber sealant and polyvinyl chloride sol-gel paste sealant (such as automotive spot welding adhesive), it is necessary to add the conditions of the chemical reaction to complete the vulcanisation.

②Thermal shift type sealant

Plasticiser dispersed polyvinyl chloride resin and rubber containing asphalt and sealant are two different types of thermal shift system. Vinyl resin plasticiser at room temperature is a liquid suspension, by heating into a solid and hardening; and rubber - asphalt and sealant is hot melt.

③Oxidation-hardening sealant

Surface drying of the embedded joints or the installation of glass sealant is of this type, mainly dry and semi-dry vegetable oils as a base material. The oil can be refined polymerised, blown or chemically modified. Cobalt naphthenate is used as a drying agent to accelerate the drying of the surface without hardening the interior; lead naphthenate can harden both the surface and the interior; and manganese naphthenate is more effective in hardening the interior.

④Solvent evaporation solidifying sealant

This is a solvent evaporation of non-sticky polymer-based sealant. This type of sealant is mainly butyl intersection, high molecular weight polyisobutylene, a certain degree of polymerisation of acrylic esters, chlorosulphonated polyethylene and neoprene sealant.

⑤ Non-drying and permanent plasticity sealant

This type of sealant usually includes polybutylene, medium molecular weight polyisobutylene, high viscosity non-oxidising adhesive materials such as styrene-based oil, non-drying vegetable oil, blowing semi-dry oil or butyl rubber as the base material of the sealant.

6.Domestic sealant

(1) room temperature vulcanization of polysulfide rubber sealant for multi-component materials, room temperature vulcanization into elastomers, dry adhesive sealant, commonly used XM series sealant.

(2)Room temperature vulcanisation silicone rubber sealant

Silicone rubber sealant has a variety of special properties, such as high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, good electrical insulation properties.

(3)Anaerobic adhesive

(4)Other vulcanised sealants

(5)Non-vulcanised sealant

Most of the non-vulcanised sealants are non-drying and semi-drying, which are putty-like, also known as non-vulcanised putty. This type of rubber is less sensitive to temperature, in the use of temperature range sealant is not deformed, not cracked, not skin, and long-term storage of good, but low mechanical properties, suitable for removable parts or fastening joint surface sealing, trench sealing and filling larger structural voids, in the liquid sealant gasket occupies a dominant position, is widely used in removable parts of the sealing.

5.Construction method of liquid sealant

The construction method of liquid sealant can be selected according to the state of the glue. Paste sealing can be used scraper scraping or injection gun injection construction; liquid sealant using the brush brush or spray construction; film sealant with the construction of pavement method.

4. Selection of liquid sealant and construction process

Sealant selection, should be based on the use of conditions, sealing materials and sealing surface state, the type and characteristics of the sealing medium as well as the application process and other requirements for comprehensive consideration. In general when the force is large, and by the impact and alternating forces, should be selected with high strength sealant; when the temperature difference is very large, should be selected with good toughness of the sealant.

2.Classification of sealant

There are many varieties and types of sealant. In order to meet the same use requirements, you can use several different base material sealant; and the same kind of base material and can produce different performance and different uses of the sealant. From the manufacturer and user of sealant two considerations, sealant has a variety of classification methods. General can be classified according to the following four methods.

3. Types of commonly used sealants

In the previous classification of sealant listed in a variety of methods, which is the most widely used sealant is divided into two categories of vulcanised and non-vulcanised. In the vulcanised sealant in the most widely used is the room temperature vulcanisation type, heating vulcanisation type with less. Non-vulcanised sealants are liquid sealants and putties. In addition, in addition to the commonly used anaerobic adhesive.

(3) according to the sealant form classification

① Paste sealant

This type of sealant is a low-level sealant, usually using three main materials: oil and resin; polybutylene; asphalt. Commonly used in sealing small windows fixed glass, the maximum deformation of the joint movement of +5% or -5%, the use of the validity period is generally 2 years.

② liquid elastomer sealant

This type of sealant includes liquid polymers that can form an elastic state by vulcanisation. They have the ability to withstand repeated joint deformation. Liquid elastomer sealant service life is generally 15 to 20 years. These sealants have high adhesive and shear strength and good flexibility at room temperature. The disadvantages are high price, usually need primer, two-component sealant site mixing is not convenient, vulcanisation is sensitive to temperature and humidity.

③Hot melt sealant

Hot melt sealant is also known as hot construction sealant, refers to the elastomer with thermoplastic resin dopant as the base material of the sealant.

Hot melt sealant can be formulated to performance close to the liquid elastic sealant, but it is superior to the liquid elastomer sealant does not need to join the vulcanising agent.

④Liquid sealant

This type of sealant is mainly used for mechanical bonding surface sealing, in place of solid sealing materials (paper, asbestos, cork and vulcanised rubber), in order to prevent the leakage of internal fluids from the bonding surface of the machinery, so the liquid sealant is also known as liquid gasket.

(3)Anaerobic adhesive

(4)Other vulcanised sealants

(5)Non-vulcanised sealant

Most of the non-vulcanised sealant is non-drying and semi-drying, which is putty-like, also known as non-vulcanised putty. This type of rubber is less sensitive to temperature, in the use of temperature range sealant is not deformed, not cracked, not skin, and long-term storage of good, but low mechanical properties, suitable for removable parts or fastening joint surface sealing, trench sealing and filling larger structural voids, in the liquid sealant gasket occupies a dominant position, is widely used in removable parts of the sealing.

5.Construction method of liquid sealant

The construction method of liquid sealant can be selected according to the state of the glue. Paste sealing can be used scraper scraping or injection gun injection construction; liquid sealant using the brush brush or spray construction; film sealant with the construction of pavement method.

4. Selection of liquid sealant and construction process

Sealant selection, should be based on the use of conditions, sealing materials and sealing surface state, the type and characteristics of the sealing medium as well as the application process and other requirements for comprehensive consideration. In general when the force is large, and by the impact and alternating forces, should be selected with high strength sealant; when the temperature difference is very large, should be selected with good toughness of the sealant.

2.Classification of sealant

There are many varieties and types of sealant. In order to meet the same use requirements, you can use several different base material sealant; and the same kind of base material and can produce different performance and different uses of the sealant. From the manufacturer and user of sealant two considerations, sealant has a variety of classification methods. General can be classified according to the following four methods.

3. Types of commonly used sealants

In the previous classification of sealant listed in a variety of methods, which is the most widely used sealant is divided into two categories of vulcanised and non-vulcanised. In the vulcanised sealant in the most widely used is the room temperature vulcanisation type, heating vulcanisation type with less. Non-vulcanised sealants are liquid sealants and putties. In addition, in addition to the commonly used anaerobic adhesive.

(3) according to the sealant form classification

① Paste sealant

This type of sealant is a low-level sealant, usually using three main materials: oil and resin; polybutylene; asphalt. Commonly used in sealing small windows fixed glass, the maximum deformation of the joint movement of +5% or -5%, the use of the validity period is generally 2 years.

② liquid elastomer sealant

This type of sealant includes liquid polymers that can form an elastic state by vulcanisation. They have the ability to withstand repeated joint deformation. Liquid elastomer sealant service life is generally 15 to 20 years. These sealants have high adhesive and shear strength and good flexibility at room temperature. The disadvantages are high price, usually need primer, two-component sealant site mixing is not convenient, vulcanisation is sensitive to temperature and humidity.

③Hot melt sealant

Hot melt sealant is also known as hot construction sealant, refers to the elastomer with thermoplastic resin dopant as the base material of the sealant.

Hot melt sealant can be formulated to performance close to the liquid elastic sealant, but it is superior to the liquid elastomer sealant does not need to join the vulcanising agent.

④Liquid sealant

This type of sealant is mainly used for mechanical bonding surface sealing, in place of solid sealing materials (paper, asbestos, cork and vulcanised rubber), in order to prevent the leakage of internal fluids from the bonding surface of the machinery, so the liquid sealant is also known as liquid gasket.

(3)Anaerobic adhesive

(4)Other vulcanised sealants

(5)Non-vulcanised sealant

Most of the non-vulcanised sealant is non-drying and semi-drying, which is putty-like, also known as non-vulcanised putty. This type of rubber is less sensitive to temperature, in the use of temperature range sealant is not deformed, not cracked, not skin, and long-term storage of good, but low mechanical properties, suitable for removable parts or fastening joint surface sealing, trench sealing and filling larger structural voids, in the liquid sealant gasket occupies a dominant position, is widely used in removable parts of the sealing.

5.Construction method of liquid sealant

The construction method of liquid sealant can be selected according to the state of the glue. Paste sealing can be used scraper scraping or injection gun injection construction; liquid sealant using the brush brush or spray construction; film sealant with the construction of pavement method.

4. Selection of liquid sealant and construction process

Sealant selection, should be based on the use of conditions, sealing materials and sealing surface state, the type and characteristics of the sealing medium as well as the application process and other requirements for comprehensive consideration. In general when the force is large, and by the impact and alternating forces, should be selected with high strength sealant; when the temperature difference is very large, should be selected with good toughness of the sealant.

2.Classification of sealant

There are many varieties and types of sealant. In order to meet the same use requirements, you can use several different base material sealant; and the same kind of base material and can produce different performance and different uses of the sealant. From the manufacturer and user of sealant two considerations, sealant has a variety of classification methods. General can be classified according to the following four methods.

3. Types of commonly used sealants

In the previous classification of sealant listed in a variety of methods, which is the most widely used sealant is divided into two categories of vulcanised and non-vulcanised. In the vulcanised sealant in the most widely used is the room temperature vulcanisation type, heating vulcanisation type with less. Non-vulcanised sealants are liquid sealants and putties. In addition, in addition to the commonly used anaerobic adhesive.

(3) according to the sealant form classification

① Paste sealant

This type of sealant is a low-level sealant, usually using three main materials: oil and resin; polybutylene; asphalt. Commonly used in sealing small windows fixed glass, the maximum deformation of the joint movement of +5% or -5%, the use of the validity period is generally 2 years.

② liquid elastomer sealant

This type of sealant includes liquid polymers that can form an elastic state by vulcanisation. They have the ability to withstand repeated joint deformation. Liquid elastomer sealant service life is generally 15 to 20 years. These sealants have high adhesive and shear strength and good flexibility at room temperature. The disadvantages are high price, usually need primer, two-component sealant site mixing is not convenient, vulcanisation is sensitive to temperature and humidity.

③Hot melt sealant

Hot melt sealant is also known as hot construction sealant, refers to the elastomer with thermoplastic resin dopant as the base material of the sealant.

Hot melt sealant can be formulated to performance close to the liquid elastic sealant, but it is superior to the liquid elastomer sealant does not need to join the vulcanising agent.

④Liquid sealant

This type of sealant is mainly used for mechanical bonding surface sealing, in place of solid sealing materials (paper, asbestos, cork and vulcanised rubber), in order to prevent the leakage of internal fluids from the bonding surface of the machinery, so the liquid sealant is also known as liquid gasket.

(3)Anaerobic adhesive

(4)Other vulcanised sealants

(5)Non-vulcanised sealant

Most of the non-vulcanised sealant is non-drying and semi-drying, which is putty-like, also known as non-vulcanised putty. This type of rubber is less sensitive to temperature, in the use of temperature range sealant is not deformed, not cracked, not skin, and long-term storage of good, but low mechanical properties, suitable for removable parts or fastening joint surface sealing, trench sealing and filling larger structural voids, in the liquid sealant gasket occupies a dominant position, is widely used in removable parts of the sealing.

5.Construction method of liquid sealant

The construction method of liquid sealant can be selected according to the state of the glue. Paste sealing can be used scraper scraping or injection gun injection construction; liquid sealant using the brush brush or spray construction; film sealant with the construction of pavement method.

4. Selection of liquid sealant and construction process

Sealant selection, should be based on the use of conditions, sealing materials and sealing surface state, the type and characteristics of the sealing medium as well as the application process and other requirements for comprehensive consideration. In general when the force is large, and by the impact and alternating forces, should be selected with high strength sealant; when the temperature difference is very large, should be selected with good toughness of the sealant.

2.Classification of sealant

There are many varieties and types of sealant. In order to meet the same use requirements, you can use several different base material sealant; and the same kind of base material and can produce different performance and different uses of the sealant. From the manufacturer and user of sealant two considerations, sealant has a variety of classification methods. Generally can be classified according to the following four methods.

 

3. Types of commonly used sealants

In the previous classification of sealant listed in a variety of ways, which is the most widely used sealant is divided into two categories of vulcanised and non-vulcanised. In the vulcanising type sealant is the most widely used room temperature vulcanising type, heating vulcanising type used less. Non-vulcanised sealants are liquid sealants and putties. In addition, in addition to the commonly used anaerobic adhesive.

(3) according to the sealant form classification

① Paste sealant

This type of sealant is a low-level sealant, usually using three main materials: oil and resin; polybutylene; asphalt. Commonly used in sealing small windows fixed glass, the maximum deformation of the joint movement of +5% or -5%, the use of the validity period is generally 2 years.

② liquid elastomer sealant

This type of sealant includes liquid polymers that can form an elastic state by vulcanisation. They have the ability to withstand repeated joint deformation. Liquid elastomer sealant service life is generally 15 to 20 years. These sealants have high adhesive and shear strength and good flexibility at room temperature. The disadvantages are high price, usually need primer, two-component sealant site mixing is not convenient, vulcanisation is sensitive to temperature and humidity.

③Hot melt sealant

Hot melt sealant is also known as hot construction sealant, refers to the elastomer with thermoplastic resin dopant as the base material of the sealant.

Hot melt sealant can be formulated to performance close to the liquid elastic sealant, but it is superior to the liquid elastomer sealant does not need to join the vulcanising agent.

④Liquid sealant

This type of sealant is mainly used for mechanical bonding surface sealing, in place of solid sealing materials (paper, asbestos, cork and vulcanised rubber), in order to prevent the leakage of internal mechanical fluids from the bonding surface, so the liquid sealant is also known as liquid gasket.

(4) According to the sealant after construction performance classification

① Curing sealant

This type of sealant can be divided into two categories of rigid and flexible. Rigid sealant vulcanisation or solidification of the formation of a solid, very little elasticity; flexible sealant after vulcanisation with elasticity and softness.

Rigid sealant is characterised by the inability to bend, usually joints can not be moved.

Flexible sealant after vulcanisation to maintain flexibility.

② non-curing sealant

This type of sealant is a soft solidifying sealant, construction remains non-drying (tackifier continues to migrate to the surface) state. This kind of glue is usually paste, can be applied to the joints with a scraper or brush, can be used with different viscosity and different properties of the sealant.